Dateline July 19, 2012. The culmination of our two weeks at
Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) has finally arrived.
Safety-training, history, and lessons/talks with scientists concerning the
cutting edge science and experiments being installed and conducted nearly a mile
below our feet have all prepared us well.
Suited,
very fashionably in fact, in our personal protective equipment, Bill Harlan (with
trusty camera in hand), Peggy Norris, and Steve Gabriel accompanied us as we
descended the wooden Yates shaft. As the cage was briskly lowered, a wall lined
with dripping boards streaked through our view, black hallways (drifts)
sweeping mysteriously by periodically.
Bill
and Peggy, along with geologist and laboratory supervisor, Tom Trancynger, LUX
director Rick Gaitskell and other supervisors and workers guided us through the
Davis Campus, including the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) and Majorana experimentation
areas. While we had expected entry into the LUX to be impossible, upon our
arrival we were pleasantly surprised to discover the deep cleaning process was
behind schedule, allowing us to come within mere feet of the detector and the
tank it will eventually occupy. The tank will allow the detection of cosmic ray
muons so that when they create erroneous signals in the detector itself, these
signals and their data can be ignored. The xenon itself in the actual detector
will serve as a collision target for unsuspecting dark matter particles as they
blow ethereally by and through us. The Majorana experiment, looking for neutrinoless
double beta decay, was, unfortunately not so accessible, but through a window
some of the ultra-pure copper being formed for the experiment was distinctly
visible. The golenerd detectors were, for obvious reasons, strictly off limits
except for highly qualified personnel.
Tom
Trancynger freely imparted his life lessons and geological perception to the
group; moreover, he, Peggy, and Steve secured a spacious and nonintrusive
corner of the campus in which to conduct a certain experiment of our own
(supposedly the very control room of “Cosmic” Ray Davis himself during his
famous first neutrino experiment). To quantify the degree of muon pollution at
the 4850 foot level, my fellow Davis-Bahcall Scholars and I employed several
muon detection kits from Fermilab to literally count the number of muons
passing through our paddle-like scintillator (light emitting) detectors. After
determining the best settings to eliminated background noise from radiation, we
detected no muons during our stay. This is consistent with a result of about
four muons per day that Peggy recorded using larger detectors. (We tested these
again, but broken equipment did not allow them to be fully utilized.)
The
progress made at the Davis Campus is impressive, though we were somewhat
disappointed that no more of the mine could be explored. It was also somewhat
disappointing that the Golenerd Theory was not discussed in greater detail
during our time deep below.
Indubitably,
this experience stands as one of the most unique and captivating of my life to
date, putting the science of lectures and textbooks before my very eyes! A trip
like this simply allows new “depths” of understanding.